Icyorezo cya covid 19 cyageze mu Rwanda bwa mbere muri werurwe 2020, cyahungabanyije ibikorwa bitandukanye ndetse n’ubutabera budasigaye, niyo mpamvu hari bamwe mu bari bakurikiranwe n’inkiko batabonye ubutabera ku gihe.
Bimenyimana Issa Zebre na bagenzi be bagera kuri batatu batashatse ko amazina yabo atangazwa,aba bose batuye mu mujyi wa Kigali, bafunzwe mu kwezi kwa Gashyantare 2020, bari bakurikiranweho icyaha cy’ubwambuzi bushukana, bidatinze icyorezo cya covid 19 kiba kigeze mu Rwanda, ibyo byatumye zimwe mu manza zari ziteganyijwe zihita zihagarikwa, ariko bitewe n’ingaruka za covid 19 bakaba baramaze amezi 10 bataragezwa imbere y’urukiko kuko urubanza rwabo rwabaye kuwa 30 ukuboza 2020.
Mbere yuko gusura ibafunze bihagarikwa ndetse no kuvugana nabo, twaganiriye na Bimenyimana maze agira ati’’ubu tumaze igihe dufunze ariko ntiturabasha kuburana kubera ingamba zashyizweho zo kurwanya covid 19.
Ku kibazo cyo kuba haba hari uburenganzira bwe buri kutubahirizwa, yemeza ko nta kundi babigenza kuko bumva ko icyorezo kimeze nabi kandi cyatangiye no kugera muri gereza, kubwa Bimenyimana ngo icyambere ni ukwitwararika aho gukwirakwiza ubwandu ahantu hoze.
Kubwa Bimenyimana na bagenzi be, bahuriza hamwe bemeza ko aho bazaburanira bashobora gusanga hari byinshi bamaze guhomba bitewe nuka bashobora kuburana bagatsinda ariko bagasanga ubuzima bw’imiryango yabo yarasubiye inyuma. Gusa bemeza ko nta kundi byari kugenda kuko icyorezo ntawe kitatunguye, ariko ubwo twaganiraga bakaba bari bizeye ko ubuyobozi buri gutekereza uburyo bafashwa bagahabwa ubutabera.
Umwe mu bunganiraga Bimenyimana Issa Zebre na bagenzi be ariwe Maitre Habumugisha Thaddee ubwo twamubazaga uko ikibazo cyabo yunganira gihagaze yagize ati ‘’ kugeza ubu abakiriya banjye sinzi igihe bazaburanira kuko imanza zose zabaye zihagaritswe, kugeza ubu tukaba twaraheze mu gihirahiro dutegereje izindi ngamaba zizafatwa.
Gusa ikibabaje nuko uko gutinda ko kugezwa imbere y’ubutabera byatumye abari bunganiwe na maitre Habumugisha baje kuburana badafite ubunganira, kuko uyu wagombaga kubunganira yababwiye ko igihe bari barahanye cyo gukurikirana ikibazo cyabo cyarangiye, bityo abo bagabo bakaba baraburanye nta w’ubunganira mu mategeko, dore ko kugeza ubu ubwo twatunganyaga ino nkuru batarasomerwa imyanzuro y’urukiko.
Madamu Gahongayire Shakila umufasha wa Bimenyimana Issa Zebre yatangaje ko ifungwa ry’umufasha we ryabahungabanyije ariko ikibabaje cyane ni ukuba umugabo we afunze batazi n’igihe azaburanira, ikindi ni uko kugeza ubu batemerewe no gusura umuntu wabo ngo bamenye uko abayeho, ibi bituma batamenya imibereho y’umugabo we umaze amezi asaga icumi ariko bataramenya imyanzuro y’ubutabera.
Gahongayire yagize ati’’ kugeza ubu ntituzi niba icyaha cyaramuhamye cyangwa yarabaye umwere, nta n’ubwo tuzi igihe azamara muri gereza kuko kugeza ubu ntabwo araburana kandi hashize amezi agera mu 10 afunze, uyu mubyeyi kandi yakomeza atubwira ko ifungwa ry’umugabo we ryabagizeho ingaruka zikomeye kuko ariwe wari atunze urugo, abonera abana ibikenerwa byose, ubu nkaba ntabasha kubibona, gusa ikibabaje kurusha ibindi ni ukuba afunze atabasha no kuburana ngo tumenye imyanzuro y’urukiko.ibi byose bikaba ari ingaruka za covid 19, zagize n’uruhare mu gutuma hari abatabona ubutabera ku gihe.
Urwego rushinzwe imfungwa n’abagororwa rutangaza iki?
SSP Pelly Uwera Gakwaya umuvugizi w’urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe imfungwa n’abagororwa RCA yatangarije itangazamakuru ko icyorezo cya Covid 19 cyatumye ibintu byinshi bihinduka, aha yagize ati’’ Covid 19 yageze mu Rwanda nta muntu ubyiteguye, niyo mpamvu hasabwe gufata ingamba zo kurinda abanyarwanda icyatuma bandura covid 19, ni muri urwo rwego n’abari muri gereza bagombaga kurindwa guhura n’abavuye hanze, ibyo byatumye koko hari imanza ziba zisubitswe kugirango turebe aho icyorezo cyerekeza.
Abajijwe niba nta mategeko yirengagijwe ndetse no kuba uburenganzira bw’ufunzwe butarubahirijwe, SSP Pelly Uwera yavuze ko iyo icyorezo kije mu gihugu ikiba kihutirwa ari ukurinda umuturage, ibyo akaba aribyo byakozwe, yemeza ko hari imanza zatinze ariko nyuma abafunze batangiye kujya baburana hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga.
Mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 2020, Minisitiri w’ubutabera Johnson Busingye mu kiganiro kuri imwe muri terevisiyo zikorera hano mu Rwanda,yagize ati’’ Covid 19 yatumye duhindura uburyo ibintu byakorwaga cyane cyane mu gukurikirana imanza z’abafunze kuko icyambere kwari ukurinda abafunze kugirango batandura icyorezo cya covid 19.
Muri kino kiganiro Minisitiri yagaragaje ko nyuma yo kuba basubitse imanza zimwe na zimwe, batangiye kuburanisha imanza biyambaje ikoranabuhanga nka kimwe mu bisubizo byo gukomeza gutanga ubutabera ku gihe.
Minisitiri kandi yatangaje ko ubu bagiye kongera imbaraga mu guca imanza kugirango masibe icyuho cyari cyaratewe n’ingamba zitandukanye zo guhangana na covid 19, ibyo bikaba byaratumye hari n’imanza zitaciwe ku gihe, ariko ibyo bikaba bigiye kwihutishwa.
Amategeko avuga iki ku gihe umuntu amara afunze ataraburana?
Ubusanzwe mu mategeko, ukurikiranyweho icyaha aca mu buryo 3 mbere yo gukatirwa n’urukiko. Izo nzira ni igihe cyo gukusanya ibimenyetso (Pre trial phase), igihe cy’iburanisha (Trial phase) n’igihe cy’ikatirwa mu gihe iburanisha rirangiye (Sentencing).
Mu gihe cy’ikusanywa ry’ibimenyetso, abahura n’ushinjwa,ni Ubugenzacyaha n’Ubushinjachaha. Mu Rwanda imirimo y’Ubugenzacyaha ikorwa na RIB gusa n’izindi nzego zibihererwa ububasha n’itegeko zishobora gukora izi nshingano (urugero: Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Abinjira n’Abasohoka). Muri iki cyiciro Ubugenzacyaha bukorana bya hafi n’ubushinjacyaha kugeza igihe uregwa agejejwe mu rukiko aje kuburana ku cyaha aba akurikiranyweho.
Ubushinjachaha bufite inshingano zo gusaba Ubugenzacyaha gukomeza gushaka ibimenyetso mu gihe hari ibigishakishwa biba bitaraboneka bwamara kubona byuzuye bugategura inyandiko ikubiyemo ikirego iba igomba gushyikirizwa urukiko (Indictment).
Mbere y’uko umuntu agezwa imbere y’urukiko nabwo aba ashobora gufungwa by’agateganyo. Amategeko yemerera Ubugenzacyaha n’Ubushinjacyaha gufunga muri cachot by’agateganyo ukekwaho icyaha kugira ngo adacika cyangwa ngo abe yabangamira iperereza rikiri gukorwa.
Mu Bugenzacyaha, itegeko riteganya ko umuntu ashobora gufungwa iminsi itanu 5. Icyakora iyo Ubushinjacyaha bubonye ko iperereza ritararangira na bwo bwemerewe kumarana umuntu iminsi itanu muri kasho(Cachot) , ishobora kwiyongeraho indi minsi itanu mu gihe iperereza ritarasozwa.
Iyi minsi itanu yindi ihabwa ukurikiranyweho icyaha nyuma y’urwandiko bita Map itangwa n’Ubushinjachaha isabira ukurikiranyweho icyaha kuguma muri cachot hanyuma ibimenyetso bwamara kubibona bugategura Dosiye ikubiyemo ikirego (Indictment cyangwa Acte d’accusation) akaba aribwo bugena niba ikibazo gishobora kujyanwa mu rukiko cyangwa ntikijyanweyo.
Iyo ukurikiranyweho icyaha ageze mu rukiko habanza kubaho kuburana ku ifungwa ry’agateganyo ry’iminsi 30 cyangwa irekurwa uregwa akajya yitaba urukiko avuye hanze.
Aha buri ruhande rutanga impamvu zarwo ku ifungwa cyangwa ku irekurwa ry’agateganyo. Ubushinjacyaha bushobora kuburana bugaragaza ko uregwa arekuwe ashobora guhohotera uwakorewe icyaha (victim), gusibanganya ibimenyetso cyangwa gutoroka ubutabera, n’izindi mpamvu.
Abunganira uregwa na bo iki gihe bashobora kugaragaza ko uregwa adakwiriye gufungwa iminsi 30 kubera uburwayi afite, imico ye isanzwe ari myiza, uburyo yafatanyije n’Ubugenzacyaha n’Ubushinjacyaha mu gihe cy’iperereza, inshingano afite mu muryango (urugero ari nk’umugore wonsa, umuyobozi ku rwego runaka , inshingano zihariye zifite inyungu rusange) n’ibindi.
Urukiko ruburanisha ikirego ku ifunga n’ifungurwa ry’agateganyo mu gihe kitarenze iminsi ibiri (2) y’akazi.
Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha riteganya ko Urukiko rufata icyemezo ku ifunga n’ifungura ry’agateganyo mu gihe kitarenze iminsi itatu (3) y’akazi iburanisha ripfundikiwe.
Umucamanza rero mu gihe cyo gusoma urubanza ku ifungwa n’ifungurwa ry’agateganyo asuzuma impamvu,akagena niba ifungwa ry’agateganyo rikwiriye cyangwa ridakwiriye
Mu mahame y’amategeko ubundi bavuga ko ubutabera butinze buba busa n’ubutarabayeho (Justice delayed justice denied) mu mategeko y’u Rwanda biteganyijwe ko nta muntu uba agomba kumara amezi atandatu urubanza rutaraburanishwa mu mizi ngo akatirwe cyangwa abe umwere arekurwe.
Gusa icyorezo cya Covid 19 cyatumye habaho gufata ingamba zidasanzwe, ibi ntibivuze ko amategeko yirengagijwe kuko amabwiriza mashya ku nyungu rusange ashobora gusimbura itegeko mu buryo busobanuwe kandi bwumvikana neza. Kugeza ubu leta iri gukora ibishoboka byose ngo abari muri gereza bose babashe kubona ubutabera nubwo icyorezo cya covid 19 kigihari.
Iyinkuru yatewe inkunga n’umuryango IMS
Ndayisaba Eric
