Umubare w’abantu banduye Sars Cov 2, virusi ya corona, uragenda wiyongera ku isi yose.
Isesengura twakorewe n’umuganga w’amatungo ukomoka mu gihugu cy’Ubudage, Veterineri Otto Muhs.
Abiga ko ku wa 26.03. 2020 yamenye inyungu yo kwambara Mask (agapfukamunwa) gatwikiriye neza amazuru n’umunwa.
Ku ya 6 Mata Mu 2020, ikigo cya Robert Koch, n’ubuyobozi bukuru bw’Ubudage mu kurwanya ibyorezo, cyasabye abantu kwambara mask.
Muri 2020 umuryango w’abibumbye ishami ryita ku buzima OMS ryahinduye imitekerereze maze risaba kwambara masike mu bigo rusange, muri za bisi na gari ya moshi.
Ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa bwerekana ko masike itanga uburinzi bukomeye bwo kwirinda indwara n’Ibisasu.
Ubushakashatsi bwasuzumwe muri bwo ntabwo ari bushyashya, ariko mu bihugu bya Aziya gusa byafatwaga nk’ikintu kiremereye.
Klaus-Dieter Zastrow, umwarimu w’isuku muri kaminuza ya tekinike i Giessen, yabwiye Otto Muhs ku ya 10 Nyakanga 2020 ati “Hamwe na masike kuri buri wese, icyorezo cyaba cyarashizwe mu gihugu. Ni amahano kuba OMS na RKI barwanyije ibi.”
Ubushakashatsi bwinshi bwerekana kandi ko Kurinda umunwa birinda ikwirakwizwa rya Covid-19 cyane.
Mu isesengura, abashakashatsi bo muri Amerika banzuye ko kwambara masike birinda indwara 78.000 mu Butaliyani ndetse na 66.000 mu mujyi wa New York.
Kwambara maske mu myanya y’Ubuhumekero mu by’ukuri bifite uruhare rwo kurinda abandi bantu kwandura niba uwambaye afite infection.
Ibyo bita masike yo kubaga mu maso yabugenewe bazambara kugira ngo harebwe niba nta bitonyanga bishobora kwandura biva mu myanya y’ubuhumekero bijya kwanduza ahandi.
Ni muri urwo rwego, birumvikana, urugero nk’umuntu urwaye Covid 19, kwambara mask yo kurinda abandi bantu. Niba hari undi muntu ukorora cyangwa kwipfuna, uko guhumeka birashobora gusohora igice kinini cy’ibitonyanga, niyo mpamvu umuntu aba agomba kwambara mask, ariko ntibitanga uburinzi ijana kwijana.
Kugira ngo ucike iminyururu yanduye, umuntu wese agomba kwambara mask yo mu maso mu gihe avuga – ibi birashobora kandi kuba mask yo mu maso wayidoda wenyine. Abakora mask yamnarwa buri munsi ubwabo bagomba gukoresha igitambaro gikozwe mi ipamba rikozwe neza 100%.
Icyangombwa ni uko mask yo mu maso yambarwa neza. Mask igomba gupfuka umunwa wose n’amazuru kandi ikaba ikomeye ku buryo virusi zidashobora kwinjira mu mpande.
Kubera ko umwuka uhumeka ushobora no kubamo virusi. Virusi ya Corona ntarengwa ya nanometero 160 (nm) mu bunini. 1Nanometero ni igice cya miriyoni ya milimetero.
Ntibishobora kuboneka hakoreshejwe microscope isanzwe. Ntiziguruka mu kirere, ariko buri gihe ziba zifunze mu bitonyanga binini cyangwa bito cyane mu kirere, bigenda mu buryo bwa aerosol, nk’umwotsi w’itabi.
Iyo duhumeka, ikiremwa muntu cyose gisohora udutonyanga duto (1 micrometero = igihumbi cya milimetero mubunini). Hashobora kubaho ibitonyanga 1000-50.000 ku myuka.
Iyo ufite inkorora, ibitonyanga binini inshuro icumi (hejuru ya micrometero 10). Rero, hejuru ya 90% ya aerosole nayo ifatwa mu tuyunguruzo afite inshundura zingana na micrometero 2.
Nubwo nta bumenyi bwizewe bwa siyansi bwizewe, birumvikana ko umuntu yakeka ko mask yo ku munwa no ku mazuru nabyo bigora cyane kwinjira muri mask bityo bikagabanya umubare wa virusi zihumekwa.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko: “Umuntu ufite mask irinda inshuro 5 kugeza kuri esheshatu amahirwe yo kwandura.” Ariko, baremera kandi ku mugaragaro ko ibisobanuro by’ibisubizo byabo ari bike cyane.
Kwambara mask yo mu maso igihe cyose birabangamye kandi rimwe na rimwe ntibyoroshye. Ariko, ibibazo by’ubuzima nabyo ntibyoroshye.
Umwuka duhumeka ugizwe na 21% bya ogisijeni. Umwuka duhumeka, ni ukuvuga umwuka dukoresha, urimo 17% gusa. Hafi ya 4 ku ijana byahinduwe muri CO2, ni ukuvuga karuboni ya dioxyde, mu bihaha.
Oxygene irakenewe muri selile zacu kugira ngo tubyare ingufu. Niba tubonye ogisijeni nkeya, imikorere yacu iragabanuka.
Benshi bizera ko umwuka duhumeka ukoresheje umunwa na mask yo kwambara lu mazuru birimo ogisijeni nkeya hamwe na CO2 nyinshi bityo bikaba atari byiza igihe kirekire.
Hariho ubushakashatsi bumwe gusa bwa siyansi buvuga kuri CO2 ihumekwa.
Mu gitabo cya dogiteri cyanditswe na Ulrike Butz guhera mu 2005 muri kaminuza ya tekinike ya Munich, mu Budage, hakozwe iperereza niba CO2 iba iri munsi ya masike yo kubaga.
Igisubizo nuko CO2 irimo, yagize ati: “” Ntabwo hagaragaye ukugabanuka kwa ogisijeni. Luri (P. 43) Nta kwiyongera gukabije cyangwa kugabanuka k’umutima utera (p. 31). ibyo ni ibisanzwe – ni ukuvuga masike yo kubaga buri munsi ntabwo itera ibibazo by’ubuzima cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ibihaha bisanzwe bikora. “(http://dpaq.de/v49jx).
Abana bafite itandukaniro ry’imiterere y’abantu bakuru. Prof. Blobner, kaminuza ya tekinike ya Munich, mu Budage, agira ati: “Ubwiyongere bwa CO2 binyuze muri masike yo mu maso ahanini bifitanye isano no kwaguka kwangiritse. ni ukuvuga umwuka duhumeka utagera kuri alveoli.
Blobner avuga ko ku bana bari munsi y’imyaka ibiri ndetse no mu bana bari hagati y’imyaka ibiri na itandatu, ukurikije ibyo bitekerezo, CO2 ishobora kwiyongera vuba.
Ariko, gusa niba mask ifunze rwose kandi ikozwe mu bikoresho by’ubuvuzi. Blobner avuga ko itandukaniro ari rito cyane ugereranyijwe na masike zidodwa.
Ku baganga, inama nuko kwambara mask amasaha 2 gusa, nyuma y’uyambaye agomba kwemererwa iminota 30 yo kuruhuka.
Umuntu agomba rwose gukoresha ubwenge, nk’uko Dr. Walger abivuga, wo mu bitaro bya Kaminuza Bonn, mu Budage “Niba ufite kumva ko urimo kubona ogisijeni nkeya cyane, ukumva usinziriye cyangwa ufite umwuka udahagije munsi ya mask, ugomba kubyikuramo.” Mu byigisho, kuri ubu nta kimenyetso cyerekana ko kwiyongera kw’igihe gito kurwego rwa CO2 bishobora gutera ibibazo by’ubuzima.
Ubushakashatsi buheruka gukorwa bwerekanye ko virusi ya corona itandura gusa mu bitonyanga “byimbitse”, ahubwo ikomeza kwandura uduce duto twa aerosol. Utwo duce ntiducengera vuba kandi bikwirakwizwa ahantu hafunze.
Inyinshi murizo aerosole zinjira mu bice by’umunwa na mask y’izuru. Ariko nubwo masike yabasha gushungura gusa 10% ya aerosole, bivuze ko umuvuduko wanduye wa 10%. Kurinda neza aerosole yanduye ni ukuyungurura. Mu kirere gifunguye batatanyirijwe hamwe n’umuyaga, mu nyubako hagomba kubaho umwuka mwiza kandi masike zigomba kwambarwa.
Masike igomba gupfuka umunwa nizuru kandi igafunga cyane ku mpande.
Virusi zinjira mu mubiri ahanini zinyuze mu mazuru no mumuhogo kandi baba bashobora kwanduza abandi. Gusa kwambara mask kumatama cyangwa gupfuka umunwa ufunze gusa ntacyo bimaze.
Bene abo bambara mask nabi bishyira mu kaga ndetse n’abandi.
Masike igomba kwambarwa mu nyubako zose zigerwamo n’abantu uretse mu rugo rwawe. Birakenewe rwose kwambara mask hanze niba bidashoboka kugumana intera byibura ya metero 1.5 uvuye ku bandi bantu, ku masoko.
Niba mask yanduye virusi nyuma yo kuyambara, uba ugomba kuyifura nyuma yo kuyikoresha. Niba yashaje igomba guhindurwa ako kanya kuko itakaza imikorere yayo yo kurinda.
Nibyiza gufura masike buri munsi mu mazi n’isabune afite ubushyuhe byibura 60 ° C cyangwa ku biteka mu masafuriya n’amazi y’isabune. Niba nambaye mask gusa mu gihe gito, Nyuma yo gusura supermarket, ndayishyushya kuri 80 ° C mu minota 20.
Hanze no ku zuba, imirasire ya UV nayo ifasha kurandura virusi. Ariko nyuma y’iminsi ingahe virusi zose zishobora kuba kuri mask zangiritse rwose ntizishobora kugaruka.
Mask yonyine ntabwo irinda ikwirakwizwa rya virusi. Gusa ingamba zose zishobora kuzana intsinzi. Abambara maske nabo bagomba kugumana intera byibura m 1,5 n’abandi.
Amaboko agomba gukaraba kenshi gashoboka, byibuze ukarabe kugeza uririmbye “Isabukuru nziza” kabiri. Ubuso bushobora kwandura bugomba gusukurwa nisabune.
Imiti yica udukoko ntabwo ikenewe rwose. Amateraniro manini y’abantu agomba kwirindwa, cyane cyane mu mazu afunze.
Covid19 Ikwirakwizwa ni abantu banduye kandi bataragaragaza ibimenyetso by’indwara, ariko bamena virusi nyinshi.
Ikwirakwiza rishobora kwanduza umubare munini w’abantu bari mu cyumba kimwe cyangwa hafi. Mu rusengero rw’itorero rudafite masike muri Californiya, umuyoboro udasanzwe wanduye abantu 71, mu Budage 107.
Intero ni “Wambare masike neza kandi ugumane ubuzima bwiza”
